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Building a Silent WorkstationThe purpose of this paper is to describe how to build a silent workstation. By silent, I mean inaudible in an office with a closed door, or in a suburban home. These are locations with fairly low background noise levels (40dBA - 45dBA). Lowering the noise level of a computer, especially a high-performance computer, to be inaudible under these conditions is a significant task. Keeping the component temperatures low enough to deliver a long life can be even more difficult.
Last updated - September 3, 2009 NOTE: This web page is a Work-In-Progress. It is NOT complete. |
ComponentsThe components that were initially planned to be used to build this system are as follows: CaseThe Antec Solo case was chosen for this system. This is a mid-tower case with a conventional configuration. There is some damping material on the inside of the side and top panels of the case. This damping material removes resonances from the case, and helps to absorb some of the internally generated noise. An Arctic Cooling AF 12025 PWM fan was used to exhaust hot air from the back of the case. Power SupplyA SeaSonic SS-500GB was chosen for this system. The 500W rating was based on my preliminary estimate of power usage in this system, with a reasonable safety margin, to allow more powerful video cards to be used. The bottom-facing fan in this power supply is critical to system cooling. This power supply is 80+ certified (indicates a high efficiency). We've used SeaSonic power supplies in the past, and found them to be both quiet and robust. As an added bonus, this power supply has Active Power Factor Correction. This feature makes the power supply an easier load for a UPS (or for the power grid). It also causes the power supply to be able to run on power sources from 100VAC to 240AC without any intervention, which makes it less susceptible to line surges when operated on 120VAC power. This power supply has since been discontinued. The replacement unit is the SeaSonic M12II 500 Bronze. MotherboardThe Supermicro X8STE motherboard was chosen for this system. It accepts any of several LGA-1366 CPUs, it handles the ECC functions properly, it has 4-pin PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) fan headers, and it has an isolated passive chipset heatsink. All of these features are critical to this system. This particular motherboard was chosen because I wanted a Virtualization workstation, with space for a 10GBE card and the ability to experiment with other PCI-E cards. For general-purpose workstation use, the Supermicro C7X58 would normally be a better choice. CPUThe Intel E5520 CPU was chosen for this system, due to it's validated ECC capability and it's low TDP (80W). Faster CPUs (including the 130W TDP CPUs) can also be used in this configuration, if desired. The Thermalright HR-01 Plus heatsink was chosen, as I believe it is the best of the available heatsink options for this system, due to it's size and cooling ability. In this system, the heatsink will be run without a fan, but it will be ducted to both the rear exhaust fan and the power supply intake. This is why the power supply needed a bottom-facing fan. To mount this heatsink to the motherboard, it is necessary to use the Thermalright LGA-1366 bolt-through kit. Thermalright has several other excellent heatsink options for the LGA-1366, many of which will work in this system. Another option is the Thermolab BARAM cooler. It fits in the same space as the Thermalright HR-01 Plus, and it cools at least as well. MemoryThe memory chosen for this system was six modules of Super Talent 2GB unbuffered ECC PC3-10600 (W1333EB2GM) memory. This memory was not on Supermicro's validated memory list, but it has operated flawlessly in this system. At PC3-10600 (DDR3-1333), it can keep up with even the fastest of the currently available LGA-1366 CPUs. Video CardThe BFG BFGE98512GTHE video card was chosen for this system. It is the fastest video card we could find that is completely passive, and doesn't have an external vent. As this system is intended to run at low airflow, there will be little or no pressure (positive or negative) in the case. Any video card that depends on case pressure to create airflow would be likely to overheat under these circumstances. This video card uses the Thermalright HR-03 Rev. A heatsink. This heatsink is on the card when it comes out of the box, and is therefore a good way to get high performance graphics in a silent system, without voiding the warranty. The manufacturer specifies that this card have at least 25CFM of air directed over the heatsink. The configuration of this system meets that specification. DisksIn this system, I started off with an Intel SSDSA2SH032G1 2.5" 32GB SATA SSD as a system device, three Western Digital WD3000HLFS SATA disks to store Virtual Machines, and a Seagate ST3750640NS SATA disk to store backups of the Virtual Machines. Also, a Samsung SH-203B SATA DVD/RW with Dual-Layer support was used as the optical drive. This drive is currently out of production. Any DVD/RW drive with a SATA interface can be used. Finally, a Mitsumi FA405M 13-in-1 USB card reader was installed in the system. This card reader in a front-panel accessible 3.5" bay. It supports quite a few different types of flash-card, and it has a USB 2.0 port. This card reader is currently out of production. Any USB 2.0 card reader with a similar form-factor can be used, or none. This item is completely optional.
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